ISSN (online) 2544-1272
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 1-2
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Spis treści
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 4-15
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Wartości górskiej aktywności turystycznej
Anna Kwaśna, Piotr Zarzycki
Values of mountain tourist activity
The impact of mountain ecosystems on the modern man can appear as a source of satisfaction, self-expression and self-realization. A heterogeneity of tourism activity character (i.e. form and content) is desirable because it is a result of individual values, needs and tourism motives. As needs result form a particular system of values, active physical behaviour may be a response to the realization of the values. The lifestyle of an individual is shaped by these values and around them. The awareness and internalization of values allow to discover opportunities unknown before and stimulate activity in a certain direction. The theoretical basis of this paper is the classification and systematization of values introduced by Max Scheler. The following types of values are included: aesthetic, cognitive, vital, utilitarian, hedonistic, recreational, social. Max Scheler’s idea is complemented by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. The aim of the work is to identify the specific nature of mountain tourism in sociocultural terms and to systematize the accompanying values, on the basis of literature and the authors’ own experience.
Key words:
mountaineering, physical activity, values, motives, needs
Słowa kluczowe:
turystyka, aktywność ruchowa, wartości, motywy, potrzeby
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 16-27
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Obszary natura 2000 – szansa czy zagrożenie dla rozwoju turystyki w gminach sudeckich?
Małgorzata Pstrocka-Rak, Grzegorz Rak
Natura 2000 sites. Opportunity or threat for tourism development in the Sudetes municipalities?
Background.
Natura 2000 is a conservation network developed in all EU member countries. It is designated to support the long-term survival of most valuable and threatened species and habitats. Almost half of the Sudetes area, where tourism is one of the significant functions, is included in that network. The main aim of the paper was to evaluate the role of Natura 2000 sites for the socioeconomic development of the Sudetes municipalities, especially for tourism development.
Material and methods.
The research materials were the main planning and strategic documents for the local development (117 documents in total). The research was conducted in 44 Sudetes municipalities. The authors took into account the attitudes towards Natura 2000 areas and the comprehensiveness of the approach to the problem.
Results and conclusions.
The local authorities find Natura 2000 sites an important opportunity for local development. However, their role is not usually precisely explained. Neutral attitude dominates in the analysed documents. Generally, Natura 2000 sites are not perceived as a threat for tourism development in the analysed municipalities.
Key words:
tourism, Natura 2000 sites, the Sudetes
Słowa kluczowe:
turystyka, obszary Natura 2000, Sudety
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 28-37
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Potencjał recepcyjny gminy Stronie Śląskie i możliwości jego wykorzystania na potrzeby turystyki rodzinnej
Izabela Gruszka, Agata Różaniecka, Anna Krajewska-Smardz
The reception potential of the Stronie Śląskie municipality and its accessibility for family tourism
Background.
Accommodation is the most important component and a basic measure of tourism development. Family tourism is a significant tourist sector and families travelling with children expect some special services and amenities in hotels. The aim of the paper is to assess the reception potential of the Stronie Śląskie municipality in terms of family tourism.
Material and methods.
The authors considered the size and structure of the accommodation facilities and examined their adaptation for families with children. The methods were: secondary source analysis, diagnostic poll, and direct observation.
Results.
The accommodation facilities in the Stronie Śląskie municipality turned out relatively well adapted to the needs of family tourism. They are usually small, family-owned businesses and do not offer a wide variety of programs and entertainment for children, although they observe new trends and try to follow them.
Conclusions.
The issue of tourist facilities adaptation for families is an important and rarely undertaken subject of research interest. The paper presents part of a wider research project referring to Lower Silesia as a family-friendly destination.
Key words:
reception potential, accommodation facilities, family tourism, Lower Silesia
Słowa kluczowe:
potencjał recepcyjny, baza noclegowa, turystyka rodzinna, Dolny Śląsk
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 38-50
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Postawy wobec geoturystyki i zachowania osób zwiedzających podziemne geostanowiska w Kletnie
Hanna Prószyńska-Bordas, Jerzy Woźniak
Attitudes towards geotourism and tourist behaviour of visitors to the subterranean geosites in Kletno
Background.
The article presents the results of a survey conducted among visitors to the geosites in the Stronie Śląskie municipality: the Niedźwiedzia Cave and the defunct uranium and fluorite mine in Kletno.
Material and methods.
The basic data collected on-site include the demographic features (such as gender, age, level of education, occupation, origin), tourist behaviour (length of stay, accompanying persons, transport, accommodation, source of information used, etc.), attitude towards the geotourist activities, and willingness to pay for the entrance and souvenirs.
Results and conclusions.
The study confirmed that the level of education was an important determinant of participation in geotourism, making it still an elite activity. Nearly half of the surveyed tourists came from huge urban agglomerations. The willingness to pay the entrance fees to geotourist attractions did not significantly exceed the actual prices. The geotourist offer needs to be made more attractive and variable in order to meet the needs of diverse sectors of geotourist product consumers.
Key words:
tourism, geotourism, visitors flow, tourist behaviour
Słowa kluczowe:
turystyka, geoturystyka, ruch turystyczny, zachowania turystyczne
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 51-58
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Charakterystyka kolarzy uprawiających turystykę rowerową w Górach Izerskich
Wojciech Wiesner, Tomasz Smolarski, Przemysław Szwej
The profile of cycling tourists in the Jizera Mountains
Background.
Cycling, practised individually or in groups, is among the most popular movement activities. Cycling qualified tourism can be enumerated as one of its elements. The Jizera Mountains provide ample opportunities for cycling.
Material and methods.
The concept of the study was based on the method of a diagnostic survey. The aim of the research was to assess the level of cyclists’ preparation to practise mountain cycling tourism.
Results and conclusions.
Most subjects used relatively good equipment. A vast majority of the responders were well prepared in terms of clothing. They were also well prepared physically.
Key words:
bicycle tourism, cycling, tourist flow, the Jizera Mountains
Słowa kluczowe:
turystyka rowerowa, kolarstwo, ruch turystyczny, Góry Izerskie
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 59-66
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Motywy uprawiania górskiej turystyki kajakowej w kontekście statusu społecznego
Bogusława Hawryluk, Jarosław Cholewa
Motives for participation in mountain kayaking tourism in the context of social status
Background.
It has been observed that people have more leisure time than before and they willingly spend it actively, frequently taking part in kayaking events. The aim of the paper is to describe motivations for participation in mountain kayaking tourism.
Material and methods.
The diagnostic survey method including a questionnaire comprising 22 questions was used.
Results and conclusions.
The obtained results showed that the type of employment played essential role in taking decisions, while education and gender were of minor importance. Taking the mind off daily duties and tasks at work, discovering and admiring new places, as well as relaxing in nature were the most common reasons for taking up kayaking tourism. In turn, the need for being alone and desire to break stereotypes and just feel free were the least significant motives.
Key words:
active sports tourism, mountain kayaking, motivations
Słowa kluczowe:
turystyka aktywna, kajakarstwo górskie, motywy
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 67-76
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Zimowe wędrowanie po górach wyzwaniem dla aktywnego seniora
Danuta Umiastowska
Winter mountaineering as a challenge for active elderly people
Background.
The role of physical activity in the period of late adulthood is a subject increasingly undertaken in scientific discussion. Bearing in mind its influence on the quality of life, the authors attempted to answer the following questions: What are the possibilities for an active winter rest on the mountain routes in Poland? What energy effort accompanies mountaineering?
Material and methods.
The paper reports a case study analysing measurements taken with a pedometer type SW 700 in two people wandering in the mountains in years 2011–2016. The measurements were carried out on the hiking trails in the Tatra Mountains, the Silesian Beskids, the Żywiec Beskids, the Giant Mountains, the Pieniny, and the Jizera Mountains.
Results and conclusions.
The form of pedestrian hiking in the mountains in winter conditions is available for elderly tourists because of a wide range of routes and places to choose. Mountain hiking trails can be visited in winter – except for some routes in the Tatra and Giant Mountains because of the danger of avalanches.
Key words:
physical activity, elderly people, mountaineering
Słowa kluczowe:
aktywność ruchowa, ludzie starsi, turystyka górska
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 77-83
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Wiedza i postawy trenerów w zakresie dopingu i przeciwdziałania temu zjawisku w sporcie
Krzysztof Sas-Nowosielski, Wioletta Szóstak
Knowledge and attitudes of sports coaches with regard to doping and counteracting doping in sport
Background.
The aim of the study was to establish the attitudes and knowledge of sports coaches with reference to doping and anti-doping policies.
Material and methods.
The study included 100 coaches representing 11 disciplines. They filled in an anonymous questionnaire assessing their knowledge of and attitudes toward doping.
Results.
The coaches’ overall anti-doping attitude is positive and quite strong (M = 4.55, SD = 0.65). The strongest partial attitude was toward sanctions for breaking anti-doping rules (M = 5.35, SD = 0.91), the weakest – toward the possibility of succeeding without doping (M = 3.92, SD = 1.35). In the three categories of knowledge items, the percentage of correct responses were similar: 54.17% for athletes’ rights and duties, 53.57% for doping control procedures, and 53.33% for banned performance-enhancing drugs. The main sources of information for coaches were the Internet and television.
Conclusions.
The anti-doping attitudes of coaches are positive but it seems necessary to increase their knowledge, especially with planned educational programs.
Key words:
doping, sport, coach
Słowa kluczowe:
doping, sport, trener
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 84-92
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Ryzyko przeciążania układu ruchu u więźniów podejmujących trening siłowy
Piotr Łapiński, Agata Krotoszyńska, Aleksandra Kaczmarek, Zbigniew Sołtys, Leszek Markuszewski
The risk of overloading the motor system in prisoners taking up strength training
Background.
The article is an attempt to present the risk of overloading the motor system in prisoners who practice physical activity in their leisure time.
Material and methods.
The study was conducted among 50 imprisoned people taking up strength training in circumstances allowing them to decide about the frequency and course of particular sessions, and the size of the applied loads. The research tool was an interview based on the standardized Recovery Scoring Guide questionnaire by Kenttä and Hassmén, evaluating activities that reduce the risk of overload. The interview was extended by a short questionnaire interview of the researchers’ design.
Results and conclusions.
Only 12% of the responders performed activities reducing the risk of the motor system overload in a way not requiring any modification; 56% practiced the activities incorrectly, with a need for some changes. The authors suggest implementing organizational and educational interventions in prisons in order to reduce the risk of overloading the locomotor system among prisoners who practice strength training in their spare time.
Key words:
overtraining, fatigue, rest, penitentiary isolation, human body regeneration, Recovery Scoring Guide
Słowa kluczowe:
przetrenowanie, zmęczenie, odpoczynek, izolacja penitencjarna, regeneracja organizmu, Recovery Scoring Guide
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 93-99
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Psychospołeczny prototyp sytuacyjny w piłce nożnej
Łukasz Bojkowski
The psychosocial prototype of the sports situation in football
Background.
The psychosocial prototype of the sports situation in a specific sports discipline is shaped by repetitive psychosocial standards of the situation. The most characteristic dimensions referring to a prototype sports situation include the maximization of action, motor activity, social reception, long-lasting training, and competitiveness. So far, the issue has been discussed in relation to many sports disciplines, however not yet football. Hence, the objective of the research was to determine the importance and intensity of the specific dimensions of the sports situation in football that created its psychosocial prototype. We adopted the five dimensions mentioned above among factors in our research.
Material and methods.
The applied research tool was the Scale of Sports Situation Dimensions. In a selected group, we employed the criterion of competence.
Results and conclusions.
The study showed that the most characteristic dimension of the prototype sports situation in football was social reception, followed by competitiveness, long-lasting training, motor activity, and maximization of action. As for football, there is a variation between different dimensions, so one may say that the structure of the prototype sports situation is created by two groups of dimensions.
Key words:
psychosocial dimensions, football, sports situation
Słowa kluczowe:
wymiary psychospołeczne, piłka nożna, sytuacja sportowa
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 100-113
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Rozgrywki piłkarskie na terenie Wielkopolski a kształtowanie patriotyzmu polskiej młodzieży w latach 1906–1923 i 1939–1943
Jarosław Owsiański, Rafał Szubert
Football competitions in Greater Poland and shaping patriotism among the Polish youth in years 1906–1923 and 1939–1943
Background.
At the end of the 19th century, football development among the Polish youth inhabiting the Greater Poland region, then under the Prussian annexation, was strictly connected with political events. The native language was forbidden; creating truly Polish associations, including sports clubs, was also banned. However, the Polish people tried to reinforce the Polish spirit and promote patriotic values. Young Poles courageously developed football in Greater Poland at that time. The main objective of the study was to provide examples of patriotic activities bound with football competitions under the Prussian and Nazi occupation.
Material and methods.
The authors employed the methods of historic source analysis, induction, deduction, synthesis, and comparison.
Results and conclusions.
The hard times of annexation and World War II did not inhibit the growth of football in Greater Poland. Indeed, they contributed to its development. Polish sports associations were often established in conspiracy, and football competitions were not only a matter of sport but also a way to manifest the national consciousness.
Key words:
patriotism, football, occupation, war, Greater Poland
Słowa kluczowe:
patriotyzm, piłka nożna, zabory, wojna, Wielkopolska
Rozprawy Naukowe 55 - 2016, 114-122
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Sytuacja materialna i aktywność naukowa a zaburzenia nastroju doktorantów
Błażej Cieślik, Weronika Stodółka, Paulina Morga
Financial situation, research activity, and mood disorders among PhD students
Background.
The aim of the study was to provide information about the socio-economic status, research activity, and mood disorders among PhD students of the Academy of Physical Education in Wrocław, Poland.
Material and methods.
This study covered 61 PhD students (mean age 28.4 years). The research employed the diagnostic survey method. The author’s survey examined the employment status and economic situation. An additional method, used to assess depression symptoms, was Beck Depression Inventory.
Results.
In the fields of physiotherapy and physical education, 96% and 78% of PhD students, respectively, had found employment. The total of 72% of physical education and 50% of physiotherapy students had published at least once. As many as 30% of all respondents reported symptoms of mood disorders and complained about mental health problems.
Conclusions.
Mood disorders are a serious problem in PhD students of the Academy of Physical Education in Wrocław. While physical education students show greater activity in the field of scientific research, more physiotherapy students are professionally active.
Key words:
financial situation, research activity, mood disorders, PhD students
Słowa kluczowe:
sytuacja materialna, aktywność naukowa, zaburzenia nastroju, doktoranci